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The term that describes the range between the dose causing the minimum effect and the dose causing the minimum adverse effect is known as the therapeutic range. This concept is crucial in pharmacology because it helps healthcare providers determine the doses of a medication that will provide the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing the risk of side effects. The therapeutic range ensures that a medication is both effective and safe for the patient.

In contrast, the therapeutic index refers to the ratio between the toxic dose and the effective dose of a drug, indicating the margin of safety. Effectiveness relates to how well a drug achieves its intended effect, irrespective of dose considerations. The safety margin is closely related to the therapeutic index but specifically emphasizes the difference between the effective dose and the minimum toxic dose, rather than focusing simply on the range of doses that can be used effectively and safely.

Understanding the therapeutic range enables practitioners to tailor treatment plans that maximize benefits while avoiding adverse effects, thereby improving patient care and outcomes.